NCERT Book Class 10th Economics (MCQ)
Chapter 1 : Development
1. What is the main objective of development?
a) Only economic growth
b) Improvement in quality of life
c) Only industrialization
d) Promoting urbanization
Answer: (b) Improvement in quality of life
2. What is the traditional method of measuring development?
a) Literacy rate
b) Per capita income
c) Health facilities
d) Employment rate
Answer: (b) Per capita income
3. Sustainable development means:
a) Fulfilling the needs of the present generation
b) Development without compromising the ability of future generations
c) Only environmental conservation
d) Rapid industrialization
Answer: (b) Development without compromising the ability of future generations
4. Which organization publishes the HDI (Human Development Index)?
a) World Bank
b) International Monetary Fund (IMF)
c) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
d) World Health Organization (WHO)
Answer: (c) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
5. Which factor is NOT included in HDI?
a) Life expectancy
b) Education level
c) Per capita income
d) Industrial production
Answer: (d) Industrial production
6. The concept of development includes:
a) Only economic aspects
b) Social, economic, and political aspects
c) Only technological progress
d) Only education
Answer: (b) Social, economic, and political aspects
7. Which index is used to measure a country’s development level?
a) GDP
b) HDI
c) GNP
d) NNP
Answer: (b) HDI
8. What should be prioritized in the development process?
a) Only economic growth
b) Equality and justice
c) Only urban development
d) Only industrialization
Answer: (b) Equality and justice
9. In which report was the concept of “Sustainable Development” introduced?
a) Brundtland Report
b) World Development Report
c) Human Development Report
d) Economic Survey
Answer: (a) Brundtland Report
10. What is the most important goal of development?
a) Accumulation of wealth
b) Human welfare
c) Military power
d) Political dominance
Answer: (b) Human welfare
11. Which income is considered important to determine a country’s development level?
a) Total income
b) Per capita income
c) Government income
d) Export income
Answer: (b) Per capita income
12. What is the per capita income of developed countries?
a) $1,025 or less
b) $1,026 to $12,475
c) $12,476 or more
d) $5,000 to $10,000
Answer: (c) $12,476 or more
13. What is India’s per capita income (as of 2023)?
a) $500
b) $1,500
c) $2,500
d) $5,000
Answer: (c) $2,500 (estimated)
14. What is the difference between economic growth and development?
a) Economic growth is only related to income, while development is related to quality of life
b) Both are the same
c) Development is only related to education
d) Economic growth only includes agriculture
Answer: (a) Economic growth is only related to income, while development is related to quality of life
15. Which Indian state has the highest per capita income?
a) Bihar
b) Uttar Pradesh
c) Maharashtra
d) Kerala
Answer: (c) Maharashtra
16. What does GDP (Gross Domestic Product) measure?
a) A country’s total income
b) A country’s total wealth
c) The total value of goods and services produced in a country
d) A country’s total exports
Answer: (c) The total value of goods and services produced in a country
17. Which Indian state has the lowest per capita income?
a) Bihar
b) Jharkhand
c) Uttar Pradesh
d) Madhya Pradesh
Answer: (a) Bihar
18. What is the main source of economic growth?
a) Agriculture
b) Industry
c) Service sector
d) All of these
Answer: (d) All of these
19. Which country has the highest per capita income in the world?
a) USA
b) China
c) Switzerland
d) Japan
Answer: (c) Switzerland
20. What was India’s GDP growth rate in 2023?
a) 4%
b) 6%
c) 7%
d) 8%
Answer: (b) 6%
21. Which of the following is NOT an important factor for development?
a) Health facilities
b) Education
c) Corruption
d) Gender equality
Answer: (c) Corruption
22. What does the “Infant Mortality Rate” indicate?
a) Deaths of children under one year per 1,000 live births
b) Deaths per 1,000 individuals
c) Only neonatal deaths
d) Deaths of children under five years
Answer: (a) Deaths of children under one year per 1,000 live births
23. In which age group is the literacy rate measured?
a) 5 years and above
b) 7 years and above
c) 15 years and above
d) 18 years and above
Answer: (b) 7 years and above
24. What is India’s literacy rate (as of 2021)?
a) 50%
b) 65%
c) 77.7%
d) 85%
Answer: (c) 77.7%
25. Which of the following is a Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)?
a) Eradication of poverty
b) Only economic growth
c) Only urban development
d) Only industrialization
Answer: (a) Eradication of poverty
26. Which Indian state has the highest literacy rate?
a) Bihar
b) Kerala
c) Tamil Nadu
d) Maharashtra
Answer: (b) Kerala
27. What does the “Sex Ratio” indicate?
a) Number of females per 1,000 males
b) Number of males per 1,000 females
c) Only urban population
d) Only rural population
Answer: (a) Number of females per 1,000 males
28. What is India’s sex ratio (as of 2021)?
a) 900
b) 940
c) 1020
d) 1100
Answer: (b) 940
29. What is the “Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao” scheme related to?
a) Girls’ education and safety
b) Only rural development
c) Only health facilities
d) Only employment generation
Answer: (a) Girls’ education and safety
30. What is the objective of the “Mid-Day Meal Scheme”?
a) Providing nutritious meals to children
b) Only training teachers
c) Only constructing schools
d) Only rural development
Answer: (a) Providing nutritious meals to children
31. What is the main principle of sustainable development?
a) Fulfilling the needs of the present generation
b) Preserving resources for future generations
c) Only economic growth
d) Only urbanization
Answer: (b) Preserving resources for future generations
32. Which of the following is NOT an environmental issue?
a) Deforestation
b) Pollution
c) Population growth
d) Lack of education
Answer: (d) Lack of education
33. What is the main cause of “Global Warming”?
a) Deforestation
b) CO₂ emissions
c) Water pollution
d) Noise pollution
Answer: (b) CO₂ emissions
34. Why is “Biodiversity Conservation” necessary?
a) To maintain ecological balance
b) Only to promote tourism
c) Only for scientific research
d) Only for economic benefits
Answer: (a) To maintain ecological balance
35. What is “Recycling” related to?
a) Waste reprocessing
b) Water conservation
c) Forest conservation
d) Air pollution control
Answer: (a) Waste reprocessing
36. Which factor is commonly found in developed countries?
a) High per capita income
b) Low standard of living
c) Low education rate
d) High population
Answer: (a) High per capita income
37. Which of the following is a developing country?
a) USA
b) Germany
c) India
d) Japan
Answer: (c) India
38. On what basis does the “World Bank” classify countries?
a) Per capita income
b) Population
c) Land area
d) Military power
Answer: (a) Per capita income
39. Which country is NOT part of “BRICS”?
a) Brazil
b) Russia
c) India
d) Japan
Answer: (d) Japan
40. How many countries are included in the “G20” group?
a) 10
b) 15
c) 20
d) 25
Answer: (c) 20
41. What is the biggest challenge to development in India?
a) Poverty
b) Unemployment
c) Illiteracy
d) All of these
Answer: (d) All of these
42. What is the “MGNREGA” scheme related to?
a) Rural employment guarantee
b) Urban development
c) Education
d) Health
Answer: (a) Rural employment guarantee
43. What is the estimated percentage of India’s population below the poverty line (BPL)?
a) 10%
b) 20%
c) 30%
d) 40%
Answer: (b) 20%
44. What is the “Ayushman Bharat Yojana” related to?
a) Health insurance
b) Education
c) Agriculture
d) Employment
Answer: (a) Health insurance
45. What is the objective of the “Digital India” program?
a) Increasing digital literacy
b) Expanding internet access
c) Promoting e-governance
d) All of these
Answer: (d) All of these
46. What is the “Swachh Bharat Abhiyan” related to?
a) Sanitation and toilet construction
b) Only water conservation
c) Only tree plantation
d) Only urban development
Answer: (a) Sanitation and toilet construction
47. What is the aim of the “Skill India Mission”?
a) Providing employment-oriented skills to youth
b) Only providing education
c) Only agricultural development
d) Only promoting industries
Answer: (a) Providing employment-oriented skills to youth
48. What is the “Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana” related to?
a) Opening bank accounts
b) Insurance scheme
c) Pension scheme
d) All of these
Answer: (d) All of these
49. What is the objective of the “Make in India” program?
a) Making India a manufacturing hub
b) Only agricultural development
c) Only increasing exports
d) Only promoting the service sector
Answer: (a) Making India a manufacturing hub
50. Whom does the “Startup India” scheme encourage?
a) New entrepreneurs
b) Only farmers
c) Only government employees
d) Only students
Answer: (a) New entrepreneurs
25 Important MCQs with Answers ( Previous Year Questions Included)
1. What is the main objective of development? (CBSE 2020)
a) Only economic growth
b) Improvement in quality of life
c) Only industrialization
d) Promoting urbanization
Answer: (b) Improvement in quality of life
2. Which factor is NOT included in HDI (Human Development Index)? (MP Board 2022)
a) Life expectancy
b) Education level
c) Per capita income
d) Industrial production
Answer: (d) Industrial production
3. Sustainable development means: (UP Board 2021)
a) Fulfilling the needs of the present generation
b) Development without compromising future generations’ capabilities
c) Only environmental conservation
d) Rapid industrialization
Answer: (b) Development without compromising future generations’ capabilities
4. What is the traditional method of measuring development? (Bihar Board 2023)
a) Literacy rate
b) Per capita income
c) Health facilities
d) Employment rate
Answer: (b) Per capita income
5. What is the “Brundtland Report” related to? (CBSE 2019)
a) Economic growth
b) Sustainable development
c) Population growth
d) Education policy
Answer: (b) Sustainable development
6. Which income is considered important to determine a country’s development level? (MP Board 2021)
a) Total income
b) Per capita income
c) Government income
d) Export income
Answer: (b) Per capita income
7. Which Indian state has the lowest per capita income? (UP Board 2022)
a) Bihar
b) Jharkhand
c) Uttar Pradesh
d) Madhya Pradesh
Answer: (a) Bihar
8. What is the per capita income of developed countries? (CBSE 2020)
a) $1,025 or less
b) $1,026 to $12,475
c) $12,476 or more
d) $5,000 to $10,000
Answer: (c) $12,476 or more
9. What does GDP (Gross Domestic Product) measure? (Bihar Board 2023)
a) A country’s total income
b) Total value of goods and services produced in a country
c) A country’s total exports
d) A country’s total wealth
Answer: (b) Total value of goods and services produced in a country
10. What is India’s per capita income (as of 2023)? (CBSE 2023)
a) $500
b) $1,500
c) $2,500
d) $5,000
Answer: (c) $2,500
11. What does the “Infant Mortality Rate” indicate? (MP Board 2022)
a) Deaths of children under one year per 1,000 live births
b) Deaths per 1,000 individuals
c) Only neonatal deaths
d) Deaths of children under five years
Answer: (a) Deaths of children under one year per 1,000 live births
12. What is India’s literacy rate (as of 2021)? (UP Board 2021)
a) 50%
b) 65%
c) 77.7%
d) 85%
Answer: (c) 77.7%
13. What is the “Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao” scheme related to? (CBSE 2020)
a) Girls’ education and safety
b) Only rural development
c) Only health facilities
d) Only employment generation
Answer: (a) Girls’ education and safety
14. Which Indian state has the highest literacy rate? (Bihar Board 2023)
a) Bihar
b) Kerala
c) Tamil Nadu
d) Maharashtra
Answer: (b) Kerala
15. What is the objective of the “Mid-Day Meal Scheme”? (MP Board 2021)
a) Providing nutritious meals to children
b) Only training teachers
c) Only constructing schools
d) Only rural development
Answer: (a) Providing nutritious meals to children
16. What is the main principle of sustainable development? (CBSE 2019)
a) Fulfilling the needs of the present generation
b) Preserving resources for future generations
c) Only economic growth
d) Only urbanization
Answer: (b) Preserving resources for future generations
17. What is the main cause of “Global Warming”? (UP Board 2022)
a) Deforestation
b) CO₂ emissions
c) Water pollution
d) Noise pollution
Answer: (b) CO₂ emissions
18. Why is “Biodiversity Conservation” necessary? (CBSE 2020)
a) To maintain ecological balance
b) Only to promote tourism
c) Only for scientific research
d) Only for economic benefits
Answer: (a) To maintain ecological balance
19. What is the “MGNREGA” scheme related to? (Bihar Board 2023)
a) Rural employment guarantee
b) Urban development
c) Education
d) Health
Answer: (a) Rural employment guarantee
20. What is the estimated percentage of India’s population below the poverty line (BPL)? (MP Board 2022)
a) 10%
b) 20%
c) 30%
d) 40%
Answer: (b) 20%
21. What is the “Ayushman Bharat Yojana” related to? (CBSE 2021)
a) Health insurance
b) Education
c) Agriculture
d) Employment
Answer: (a) Health insurance
22. What is the “Swachh Bharat Abhiyan” related to? (UP Board 2021)
a) Sanitation and toilet construction
b) Only water conservation
c) Only tree plantation
d) Only urban development
Answer: (a) Sanitation and toilet construction
23. What is the aim of the “Skill India Mission”? (CBSE 2022)
a) Providing employment-oriented skills to youth
b) Only providing education
c) Only agricultural development
d) Only promoting industries
Answer: (a) Providing employment-oriented skills to youth
24. What is the objective of the “Make in India” program? (Bihar Board 2023)
a) Making India a manufacturing hub
b) Only agricultural development
c) Only increasing exports
d) Only promoting the service sector
Answer: (a) Making India a manufacturing hub
25. Whom does the “Startup India” scheme encourage? (CBSE 2023)
a) New entrepreneurs
b) Only farmers
c) Only government employees
d) Only students
Answer: (a) New entrepreneurs