NCERT Book Class 10th SCIENCE MCQ
Chapter 9 : Light – Reflection and Refraction
Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) with Answers
1. What is the relationship between focal length (f) and radius of curvature (R) for a spherical mirror?
(a) f = R
(b) f = R/2
(c) f = 2R
(d) f = R/4
Answer: (b) f = R/2
2. A virtual image is formed:
(a) Behind the mirror
(b) In front of the mirror
(c) At the focus
(d) At the center of curvature
Answer: (a) Behind the mirror
3. Refraction of light occurs due to:
(a) Change in wavelength
(b) Change in frequency
(c) Change in speed of light
(d) Change in intensity
Answer: (c) Change in speed of light
4. What is the unit of lens power?
(a) Meter
(b) Diopter
(c) Watt
(d) Joule
Answer: (b) Diopter
5. A concave mirror forms a real, inverted and same-sized image when the object is placed at:
(a) Focus
(b) Center of curvature
(c) Infinity
(d) Pole
Answer: (b) Center of curvature
6. What type of image is formed by a convex lens when the object is placed between focus and optical center?
(a) Real and inverted
(b) Virtual and erect
(c) Real and erect
(d) Virtual and inverted
Answer: (b) Virtual and erect
7. Dispersion of light occurs due to:
(a) Reflection
(b) Refraction
(c) Diffraction
(d) Interference
Answer: (b) Refraction
8. If a spherical mirror has focal length 20 cm, what is its radius of curvature?
(a) 10 cm
(b) 20 cm
(c) 40 cm
(d) 5 cm
Answer: (c) 40 cm
9. 1 Diopter is equal to:
(a) 1 cm focal length
(b) 1 m focal length
(c) 10 cm focal length
(d) 0.1 m focal length
Answer: (b) 1 m focal length
10. Which of these is a diverging lens?
(a) Convex lens
(b) Concave lens
(c) Bifocal lens
(d) Cylindrical lens
Answer: (b) Concave lens
11. A concave mirror forms a virtual, erect and magnified image when the object is placed:
(a) Between focus and mirror
(b) Between focus and center of curvature
(c) At center of curvature
(d) At infinity
Answer: (a) Between focus and mirror
12. Light rays travel from air to glass (refractive index=1.5). If angle of incidence is 45°, what is the angle of refraction?
(a) 30°
(b) 45°
(c) 60°
(d) 28.1°
Answer: (d) 28.1° (Using Snell’s Law)
13. What type of image is formed on the retina of human eye?
(a) Real and inverted
(b) Virtual and erect
(c) Real and erect
(d) Virtual and inverted
Answer: (a) Real and inverted
14. Myopia (nearsightedness) is corrected using:
(a) Convex lens
(b) Concave lens
(c) Bifocal lens
(d) Cylindrical lens
Answer: (b) Concave lens
15. When white light passes through a prism, different colors deviate differently because of:
(a) Reflection
(b) Diffraction
(c) Scattering
(d) Difference in refractive indices
Answer: (d) Difference in refractive indices
16. A convex lens has focal length 15 cm. What is its power?
(a) +6.67 D
(b) -6.67 D
(c) +15 D
(d) -15 D
Answer: (a) +6.67 D (P=1/f in meters)
17. Which mirror is used for shaving?
(a) Plane mirror
(b) Concave mirror
(c) Convex mirror
(d) Parabolic mirror
Answer: (b) Concave mirror
18. Sun appears red during sunrise/sunset because:
(a) Red light scatters least
(b) Blue light scatters more
(c) Atmospheric refraction
(d) Reflection
Answer: (a) Red light scatters least
19. If magnification by a lens is +2, the image is:
(a) Real and inverted
(b) Virtual and erect
(c) Real and erect
(d) Virtual and inverted
Answer: (b) Virtual and erect
20. Refractive index of glass is 1.5. What is speed of light in glass? (Speed in air=3×10⁸ m/s)
(a) 2×10⁸ m/s
(b) 4.5×10⁸ m/s
(c) 1.5×10⁸ m/s
(d) 3×10⁸ m/s
Answer: (a) 2×10⁸ m/s (v=c/n)
21. Which mirror is used in traffic surveillance?
(a) Plane mirror
(b) Concave mirror
(c) Convex mirror
(d) Parabolic mirror
Answer: (c) Convex mirror
22. A convex lens forms real and inverted image when object is placed:
(a) At focus
(b) Between focus and lens
(c) Beyond focus
(d) At infinity
Answer: (c) Beyond focus
23. Rainbow formation is due to:
(a) Reflection
(b) Refraction and total internal reflection
(c) Diffraction
(d) Interference
Answer: (b) Refraction and total internal reflection
24. If lens power is -2.5 D, what type of lens is it?
(a) Convex lens
(b) Concave lens
(c) Bifocal lens
(d) Plano-convex lens
Answer: (b) Concave lens
25. Image formed by plane mirror is:
(a) Real and inverted
(b) Virtual and erect
(c) Real and erect
(d) Virtual and inverted
Answer: (b) Virtual and erect
26. Which is NOT a property of light?
(a) Reflection
(b) Refraction
(c) Polarization
(d) Magnetic field
Answer: (d) Magnetic field
27. If concave mirror’s focal length is 10 cm, its radius of curvature is:
(a) 5 cm
(b) 10 cm
(c) 20 cm
(d) 40 cm
Answer: (c) 20 cm
28. Wavelength range for red light is:
(a) 400-500 nm
(b) 500-600 nm
(c) 600-700 nm
(d) 700-800 nm
Answer: (d) 700-800 nm
29. Convex lens forms virtual, erect and magnified image when object is placed:
(a) At focus
(b) Between focus and lens
(c) At 2F
(d) At infinity
Answer: (b) Between focus and lens
30. Which is NOT a primary color of light?
(a) Red
(b) Green
(c) Yellow
(d) Blue
Answer: (c) Yellow
31. The distance between pole (P) and focus (F) of a spherical mirror is called:
(a) Radius of curvature
(b) Focal length
(c) Principal axis
(d) Angle of incidence
Answer: (b) Focal length
32. If concave mirror’s focal length is 15 cm, its power is:
(a) +6.67 D
(b) -6.67 D
(c) +15 D
(d) -15 D
Answer: (b) -6.67 D
33. When light travels from denser to rarer medium, it:
(a) Bends towards normal
(b) Bends away from normal
(c) Goes straight
(d) Gets reflected
Answer: (b) Bends away from normal
34. Convex lens forms diminished image when object is placed:
(a) Between F and 2F
(b) Beyond 2F
(c) Between F and lens
(d) At infinity
Answer: (b) Beyond 2F
35. In myopia, image forms:
(a) On retina
(b) Behind retina
(c) In front of retina
(d) On lens
Answer: (c) In front of retina
36. Image formed by concave lens is always:
(a) Real and inverted
(b) Virtual and erect
(c) Real and erect
(d) Virtual and inverted
Answer: (b) Virtual and erect
37. Condition for total internal reflection is:
(a) Light travels from rarer to denser medium
(b) Angle of incidence > critical angle
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None
Answer: (c) Both (a) and (b)
38. Convex lens has focal length 20 cm. Its power is:
(a) +5 D
(b) -5 D
(c) +0.2 D
(d) -0.2 D
Answer: (a) +5 D
39. Which color is NOT in light spectrum?
(a) Violet
(b) Blue
(c) Pink
(d) Green
Answer: (c) Pink
40. For plane mirror, image distance (v) and object distance (u) are related as:
(a) v = u
(b) v = -u
(c) v = 2u
(d) v = u/2
Answer: (b) v = -u
41. Concave mirror forms real, inverted and diminished image when object is placed:
(a) Between F and C
(b) Beyond C
(c) Between F and mirror
(d) At infinity
Answer: (b) Beyond C
42. Example of light scattering is:
(a) Rainbow
(b) Blue color of sky
(c) Red appearance of sun
(d) All of above
Answer: (d) All of above
43. If lens power is +4 D, it is:
(a) Convex lens
(b) Concave lens
(c) Bifocal lens
(d) Plano-concave lens
Answer: (a) Convex lens
44. Concave mirror forms virtual, erect and magnified image when object is placed:
(a) Between F and C
(b) Beyond C
(c) Between F and mirror
(d) At infinity
Answer: (c) Between F and mirror
45. Relationship between critical angle (θc) and refractive index (n) is:
(a) n = sinθc
(b) n = 1/sinθc
(c) n = cosθc
(d) n = tanθc
Answer: (b) n = 1/sinθc
46. Convex lens forms real and inverted image when object is placed:
(a) Between F and 2F
(b) Beyond 2F
(c) Between F and lens
(d) At infinity
Answer: (a) Between F and 2F
47. Which is NOT a property of light?
(a) Reflection
(b) Refraction
(c) Polarization
(d) Magnetic effect
Answer: (d) Magnetic effect
48. Concave lens has focal length 25 cm. Its power is:
(a) +4 D
(b) -4 D
(c) +0.25 D
(d) -0.25 D
Answer: (b) -4 D
49. Which is a secondary color of light?
(a) Magenta
(b) Cyan
(c) Yellow
(d) All of above
Answer: (d) All of above
50. Image formed by convex mirror is always:
(a) Real and inverted
(b) Virtual and erect
(c) Real and erect
(d) Virtual and inverted
Answer: (b) Virtual and erect
51. According to laws of reflection, angle of incidence equals:
(a) Angle of reflection
(b) Angle of refraction
(c) Critical angle
(d) Deviation angle
Answer: (a) Angle of reflection
52. Focal length of concave mirror is taken negative because:
(a) Focus is behind mirror
(b) Focus is in front of mirror
(c) It is diverging
(d) It is plane mirror
Answer: (b) Focus is in front of mirror
53. When light travels from denser to rarer medium, it:
(a) Bends towards normal
(b) Bends away from normal
(c) Goes straight
(d) Gets reflected
Answer: (b) Bends away from normal
54. Convex lens forms diminished image when object is placed:
(a) Between F and 2F
(b) Beyond 2F
(c) Between F and lens
(d) At infinity
Answer: (b) Beyond 2F
55. Which is NOT a property of light?
(a) Diffraction
(b) Interference
(c) Polarization
(d) Magnetism
Answer: (d) Magnetism
56. If concave mirror’s radius of curvature is 30 cm, its focal length is:
(a) 15 cm
(b) 30 cm
(c) 60 cm
(d) 10 cm
Answer: (a) 15 cm
57. Speed of light is maximum in:
(a) Vacuum
(b) Air
(c) Water
(d) Glass
Answer: (a) Vacuum
58. Convex mirror has focal length 20 cm. Its radius of curvature is:
(a) 10 cm
(b) 20 cm
(c) 40 cm
(d) 5 cm
Answer: (c) 40 cm
59. Which is NOT a primary color of light?
(a) Red
(b) Green
(c) Yellow
(d) Blue
Answer: (c) Yellow
60. For plane mirror, image distance (v) and object distance (u) are related as:
(a) v = u
(b) v = -u
(c) v = 2u
(d) v = u/2
Answer: (b) v = -u
61. Image formed by concave lens is always:
(a) Real and inverted
(b) Virtual and erect
(c) Real and erect
(d) Virtual and inverted
Answer: (b) Virtual and erect
62. Dispersion occurs because:
(a) Different colors have different refractive indices
(b) Different colors travel at different speeds
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None
Answer: (c) Both (a) and (b)
63. Convex lens has focal length 25 cm. Its power is:
(a) +4 D
(b) -4 D
(c) +0.25 D
(d) -0.25 D
Answer: (a) +4 D
64. Which mirror is used as side-view mirror?
(a) Plane mirror
(b) Concave mirror
(c) Convex mirror
(d) Parabolic mirror
Answer: (c) Convex mirror
65. Concave mirror forms real, inverted and same-sized image when object is placed at:
(a) Focus
(b) Center of curvature
(c) Infinity
(d) Pole
Answer: (b) Center of curvature
66. Total internal reflection requires:
(a) Light travels from denser to rarer medium
(b) Angle of incidence > critical angle
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None
Answer: (c) Both (a) and (b)
67. Convex lens forms real and inverted image when object is placed:
(a) Between focus and lens
(b) Between focus and 2F
(c) Beyond 2F
(d) At infinity
Answer: (b) Between focus and 2F
68. Which is a secondary color of light?
(a) Magenta
(b) Cyan
(c) Yellow
(d) All of above
Answer: (d) All of above
69. Concave mirror has focal length 10 cm. Its power is:
(a) +10 D
(b) -10 D
(c) +0.1 D
(d) -0.1 D
Answer: (b) -10 D
70. Due to scattering, sky appears:
(a) Red
(b) Blue
(c) Green
(d) Yellow
Answer: (b) Blue
71. Convex lens forms virtual, erect and magnified image when object is placed:
(a) Between focus and lens
(b) Between focus and 2F
(c) At 2F
(d) At infinity
Answer: (a) Between focus and lens
72. Which is NOT a property of light?
(a) Reflection
(b) Refraction
(c) Polarization
(d) Magnetic field
Answer: (d) Magnetic field
73. Concave lens has focal length 20 cm. Its power is:
(a) +5 D
(b) -5 D
(c) +0.2 D
(d) -0.2 D
Answer: (b) -5 D
74. Relationship between critical angle (θc) and refractive index (n) is:
(a) n = sinθc
(b) n = 1/sinθc
(c) n = cosθc
(d) n = tanθc
Answer: (b) n = 1/sinθc
75. Image formed by convex mirror is always:
(a) Real and inverted
(b) Virtual and erect
(c) Real and erect
(d) Virtual and inverted
Answer: (b) Virtual and erect