NCERT Book Class 10th SCIENCE MCQ
Chapter 11 : Electricity
Important Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) with Answer
1. What is the SI unit of electric current?
a) Volt
b) Ohm
c) Ampere
d) Watt
Answer: c) Ampere
2. Which instrument is used to measure potential difference in an electric circuit?
a) Ammeter
b) Voltmeter
c) Galvanometer
d) Ohmmeter
Answer: b) Voltmeter
3. According to Ohm’s Law, the relationship between potential difference (V) and current (I) in a conductor is:
a) V ∝ I
b) V ∝ 1/I
c) V ∝ I²
d) V ∝ √I
Answer: a) V ∝ I
4. 1 kilowatt-hour (kWh) is equal to:
a) 3.6 × 10⁶ joules
b) 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ joules
c) 1000 watts
d) 1 volt
Answer: a) 3.6 × 10⁶ joules
5. The resistance of a conductor depends on:
a) Length
b) Cross-sectional area
c) Nature of the material
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
6. The equivalent resistance of two resistors R₁ and R₂ connected in series is:
a) R₁ + R₂
b) (R₁ × R₂)/(R₁ + R₂)
c) R₁ – R₂
d) √(R₁² + R₂²)
Answer: a) R₁ + R₂
7. The formula for electric power is:
a) P = VI
b) P = I²R
c) P = V²/R
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
8. The wire in an electric heater is made of which alloy?
a) Nichrome
b) Copper
c) Aluminum
d) Gold
Answer: a) Nichrome
9. The function of a fuse wire is to:
a) Increase electric current
b) Protect the circuit
c) Reduce potential difference
d) Save energy
Answer: b) Protect the circuit
10. Define 1 volt:
a) 1 joule/1 coulomb
b) 1 ampere × 1 ohm
c) 1 watt/1 ampere
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
11. Which gas is used in an electric bulb?
a) Argon
b) Nitrogen
c) Hydrogen
d) Both a and b
Answer: d) Both a and b
12. The flow of electric current is due to the movement of:
a) Protons
b) Electrons
c) Neutrons
d) Atoms
Answer: b) Electrons
13. How does the resistance of a conductor change with its length?
a) Directly proportional
b) Inversely proportional
c) No relation
d) Proportional to the square
Answer: a) Directly proportional
14. Two resistors of 5Ω and 10Ω are connected in parallel. What is the equivalent resistance?
a) 15Ω
b) 5Ω
c) 3.33Ω
d) 0.3Ω
Answer: c) 3.33Ω
15. On which principle does an electric motor work?
a) Electromagnetic induction
b) Ohm’s Law
c) Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule
d) Fleming’s Right-Hand Rule
Answer: c) Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule
16. The direction of electric current is opposite to the movement of:
a) Protons
b) Neutrons
c) Electrons
d) Atoms
Answer: c) Electrons
17. 1 megaohm (MΩ) is equal to:
a) 10³ ohms
b) 10⁶ ohms
c) 10⁹ ohms
d) 10⁻⁶ ohms
Answer: b) 10⁶ ohms
18. Which metal is used for the filament of an electric bulb?
a) Tungsten
b) Copper
c) Iron
d) Gold
Answer: a) Tungsten
19. The commercial unit of electrical energy is:
a) Watt
b) Volt
c) Kilowatt-hour
d) Joule
Answer: c) Kilowatt-hour
20. How does the resistance of a conductor change with its cross-sectional area?
a) Directly proportional
b) Inversely proportional
c) No relation
d) Proportional to the square
Answer: b) Inversely proportional
21. Fleming’s Right-Hand Rule is related to:
a) Electric motor
b) Electric generator
c) Transformer
d) Heater
Answer: b) Electric generator
22. Which instrument is used to measure current in an electric circuit?
a) Voltmeter
b) Ammeter
c) Galvanometer
d) Ohmmeter
Answer: b) Ammeter
23. The power consumed when 10A current is drawn from a 220V source is:
a) 22 W
b) 2200 W
c) 230 W
d) 110 W
Answer: b) 2200 W
24. In an electric heater, energy conversion takes place from:
a) Electrical → Mechanical
b) Electrical → Heat
c) Heat → Electrical
d) Mechanical → Electrical
Answer: b) Electrical → Heat
25. The unit of resistivity is:
a) Ohm
b) Ohm-meter
c) Volt/ampere
d) Joule/second
Answer: b) Ohm-meter
26. The SI unit of electric current is:
a) Coulomb
b) Volt
c) Ampere
d) Ohm
Answer: c) Ampere
27. What is inside an electric bulb?
a) Vacuum
b) Hydrogen gas
c) Oxygen gas
d) Air
Answer: a) Vacuum
28. In an electric cell, chemical energy is converted into:
a) Mechanical energy
b) Electrical energy
c) Heat energy
d) Light energy
Answer: b) Electrical energy
29. The melting point of an electric fuse is:
a) Very high
b) Very low
c) Normal
d) Not fixed
Answer: b) Very low
30. How does the resistance of a conductor change with temperature?
a) Increases
b) Decreases
c) Remains the same
d) First increases then decreases
Answer: a) Increases
31. The device that generates electric current is called:
a) Generator
b) Motor
c) Transformer
d) Galvanometer
Answer: a) Generator
32. 1 ampere current is equal to:
a) 1 coulomb/second
b) 1 volt/ohm
c) 1 watt/volt
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
33. The main cause of energy loss in an electric circuit is:
a) Resistance
b) Current
c) Voltage
d) Power
Answer: a) Resistance
34. At what temperature does the filament of an electric bulb glow?
a) 100°C
b) 1000°C
c) 2500°C
d) 6000°C
Answer: c) 2500°C
35. The direction of electric current is determined by the movement of:
a) Electrons
b) Atoms
c) Positive charge
d) Neutrons
Answer: c) Positive charge
36. The resistivity of a conductor depends on:
a) Length
b) Temperature
c) Nature of the material
d) Both b and c
Answer: d) Both b and c
37. Which type of current is used in an electric heater?
a) AC
b) DC
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both
38. Who invented the electric bulb?
a) Thomas Edison
b) Graham Bell
c) Nikola Tesla
d) Michael Faraday
Answer: a) Thomas Edison
39. An example of series connection in an electric circuit is:
a) Household bulbs
b) Generator
c) Torch battery
d) Motor
Answer: c) Torch battery
40. The heating effect of electric current is based on:
a) Joule’s Law
b) Ohm’s Law
c) Faraday’s Law
d) Newton’s Law
Answer: a) Joule’s Law
41. Who discovered electromagnetic induction?
a) Ohm
b) Faraday
c) Edison
d) Newton
Answer: b) Faraday
42. In an electric motor, energy conversion takes place from:
a) Electrical → Mechanical
b) Mechanical → Electrical
c) Heat → Electrical
d) Light → Electrical
Answer: a) Electrical → Mechanical
43. Why is tungsten used in electric bulbs?
a) High melting point
b) Low melting point
c) Cheap
d) Lightweight
Answer: a) High melting point
44. On which principle does an electric fuse work?
a) Magnetic effect
b) Heating effect
c) Chemical effect
d) Optical effect
Answer: b) Heating effect
45. 1 watt is equal to:
a) 1 joule/second
b) 1 volt × 1 ampere
c) 1 ohm × 1 ampere²
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
46. Who first observed the magnetic effect of electric current?
a) Oersted
b) Faraday
c) Ampere
d) Maxwell
Answer: a) Oersted
47. The resistance of a copper wire depends on:
a) Length
b) Thickness
c) Temperature
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
48. Why is nichrome used in electric heaters?
a) High resistivity
b) Low melting point
c) Cheap
d) Lightweight
Answer: a) High resistivity
49. The advantage of parallel connection in an electric circuit is:
a) All appliances get the same voltage
b) If one appliance fails, others keep working
c) Energy is saved
d) Both a and b
Answer: d) Both a and b
50. Who invented the electric cell?
a) Alessandro Volta
b) Thomas Edison
c) Michael Faraday
d) Nikola Tesla
Answer: a) Alessandro Volta
These questions are important for the NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 10 “Electricity” and are useful for board exams. Preparing these well will help you score good marks.